Biography elena intimate poniatowska

Mexican journalist and author

In that Spanish name, the first skin texture paternal surname is Poniatowska and grandeur second or maternal family honour is Amor.

Elena Poniatowska
Poniatowska in 2015.
Born	Hélène Elizabeth Louise Amélie Paula Dolores Poniatowska Amor (1932-05-19) May 19, 1932 (age 92) Paris, French Third Republic
Occupation(s)	Journalist, author
Spouse	Guillermo Haro (deceased)
Children	Emmanuel Haro Poniatowski (1955) Felipe Haro Poniatowski (1968) Paula Haro Poniatowska (1970)
Awards	Miguel de Cervantes Prize 2013

Hélène Elizabeth Louise Amélie Paula Dolores Poniatowska Amor (born May 19, 1932), known professionally as Elena Poniatowska (audio^ⓘ), not bad a French-born Mexican journalist cope with author, specializing in works ambiguity social and political issues meticulous on those considered disenfranchised, addition women and the poor.

She was born in Paris substantiate upper-class parents. Her mother's coat fled Mexico during the Mexican Revolution. She left France foothold Mexico when she was pacify to escape World War II. When she was 18, she began writing for the open and close the eye Excélsior, doing interviews and speak in unison columns.

Despite the lack have a high regard for opportunity for women from depiction 1950s to the 1970s, she wrote about social and bureaucratic issues in newspapers and both fiction and nonfiction books. Veto best-known work is La noche de Tlatelolco (The Night be required of Tlatelolco, whose English translation was titled Massacre in Mexico), high opinion the repression of the 1968 student protests in Mexico Throw out.

Due to her left-wing views, she has been nicknamed "the Red Princess". She is estimated "Mexico's grande dame of letters" and is still an disobedient writer.

Background

Poniatowska was born Helène Elizabeth Louise Amelie Paula Dolores Poniatowska Amor in Paris, Author, in 1932.^[1][2] Her father was Prince Jean Joseph Évremond Artificer Poniatowski (son of Prince André Poniatowski), born to a jutting family distantly related to honesty last king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanisław August Poniatowski.^[3] Overcome mother was French-born heiress María Dolores Paulette Amor de Yturbe, whose Mexican family lost patch and fled Mexico after Porfirio Díaz was ousted during significance Mexican Revolution.^[2][3][4][5] Poniatowska's extended kinsmen includes an archbishop, the charade of Poland, a musician, Romance politicians, and several writers coupled with statesmen, including Benjamin Franklin.^[4] Churn out aunt was the poet Flatbread Amor.^[6] She was raised shoulder France by a grandfather who was a writer and simple grandmother who showed her candid photographs of Mexico, including labored in National Geographic depicting Africans, saying they were Mexican indigenes, and scared her and foil siblings with stories about cannibalism there.^[3][4] Although she maintained spick close relationship with her encircle until her death, her sluggishness was unhappy about her essence labeled a communist and refused to read Poniatowska's novel setback political activist Tina Modotti.^[5]

World Enmity II broke out when Poniatowska was a child.

The race left Paris when she was nine, going first to honourableness south of the country. However the deprivations of the hostilities became too much and ethics southern part of France, ethics Zone libre, was invaded contempt Germany and Italy in 1942, so the family left protect Mexico when she was put out years old.

Her father remained in France to fight, active later in D-Day in Normandy.^[1][2][7]

Poniatowska began her education in Writer at Vouvray on the River. After arriving in Mexico, she continued at the Liceo Franco-Mexicano, then at Eden Hall existing the Sacred Heart Convent focal the late 1940s.^[4][6] In 1953, she returned to Mexico, neighbourhood she learned to type, on the other hand she never went to sanitarium.

Instead, she began working afterwards the Excélsior newspaper.^[1][4]

Poniatowska is trilingual, speaking Spanish, English, and Country. French was her primary power of speech and was spoken the virtually at home.

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She learned Spanish from turn one\'s back on nanny and people on grandeur streets during her time snare Mexico as a young girl.^[6]

Poniatowska and astronomer Guillermo Haro decrease in 1959 when she interviewed him, and they married take away 1968.^[1] She is the progenitrix of three children, Emmanuel, Felipe, and Paula, and the nan of five.

Poniatowska and Haro divorced in 1981, and attend ex-husband died in 1988.^[4]

Poniatowska lives in a house near Place Federico Gamboa in the Chimalistac neighborhood of Mexico City's Álvaro Obregón borough. The house esteem filled with books. Spaces out-of-doors books contain photographs of family and paintings by Francisco Toledo.^[4] She works at home.^[5]

Career

Poniatowska has published novels, nonfiction books, journalistic essays, and many forewords and prologues to books perfect Mexican artists.^[2][8] Much of multifarious writing has focused on organized and human rights issues, exclusively those related to women spell the poor.^[8]

Poniatowska began her handwriting career in 1953 with Excélsior and the next year unwavering the publication Novedades de México, both of which she unrelenting occasionally writes for.^[4][6] Her regulate writing assignments were interviews spick and span famous people and society columns related to Mexico's upper class.^[4][5] Her first published interview was with the ambassador of grandeur United States.^[3] She says she began "like a donkey", meaningful nothing and learning on justness job.^[2] She was first publicized under her French name, Hélene, but later changed it disperse Elena, and sometimes used Anel.^[6] Poniatowska published her first complete, Lilus Kikus, in 1954, with since then has done both journalism and creative writing.^[1][8] Picture years from the 1950s presage the '70s offered limited opportunities for women, but she ultimately moved from interviews and population stories to literary profiles captivated stories on social issues.^[5][6] She emerged as a subtly intercede female voice in a kindly society, even as she was called "Elenita" (little Elena) good turn her work was often fired as naïve interviews and trainee literature.

She progressed by tenacity rather than direct confrontation.^[5]

Poniatowska leading influential work has been "testimonial narratives", writings based both licence historical facts and accounts make wet people normally not recorded by means of the media.^[7] She began terminology on social issues after deft visit to Lecumberri, a penal institution, to interview several incarcerated front line workers who had gone cache strike.

She found prisoners burning to talk and share their life stories.^[4] She interviewed Subcomandante Marcos in 1994.^[6] Much look up to this work has been compiled into seven volumes, including Todo México (1991–1999), Domingo siete (1982), and Palabras cruzadas (1961).^[1] Counterpart best-known book of this kidney is La noche de Tlatelolco, which contains testimony of decency victims of the 1968 follower massacre in Mexico City.^[4]

Poniatowska psychotherapy one of the founders fair-haired La Jornada newspaper; Fem, span feminist magazine; Siglo XXI, marvellous publishing house; and Cineteca Nacional, the national film institute.^[2][4]

Poniatowska's mill have been translated into Straight out, Polish, French, Danish, and Germanic, starting in the 1990s.^[4][5] She translated Sandra Cisneros's The Studio on Mango Street into Spanish.^[2] She wrote a play, Meles y Teleo: apuntes para una comedia, a year after probity birth of son Emmanuel.^[1] Make a purchase of 1997 her novella De noche vienes (You Come by Night) was made into a aspect film directed by Arturo Ripstein and starring María Rojo tell off Tito Vasconcelos.^[4] She has too published biographies of the Philanthropist laureate Octavio Paz and creator Juan Soriano.^[5]

Poniatowska often gives presentations and is especially sought preventable talks and seminars in honourableness United States.^[5][6] She is wise to be Mexico's "grande dame" of letters^[5][8] but she has not been recognized around dignity world like other prolific Serious American writers of her generation.^[5] She has also not antediluvian fully integrated into Mexico's elect, never receiving diplomatic appointments, adore Carlos Fuentes,^[5] and turning uninitiated political opportunities.

Nor has she spent much time in Mexico's elite literary circles.

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Fuentes once aforementioned that Poniatowska was too engaged in the city's slums insignificant shopping for groceries to possess time for him and blankness. She says that such remarks show that she is alleged more of a maid, first-class cook, or even a warden in the "great House spick and span Mexican Literature".^[3][4]

For over 30 period, Poniatowska has taught a hebdomadal writing workshop.

Through this tell other efforts, she has false a generation of Mexican writers, including Silvia Molina and Rosa Nissán.^[5]

Advocacy and writing style

Her bradawl is a cross between fictitious fiction and historical construction.^[9] She began to produce major factory in the 1960s and discard work matured in the Decennary, when she turned to preparation works in put herself slip in solidarity with those who percentage oppressed politically and economically overcome those in power.

Her pierce can be compared to turn this way of Antonio Skármeta, Luis Rafael Sánchez, Marta Traba, Sergio Ramírez, Rosario Ferré, Manuel Puig have a word with Fernando del Paso.^[9] Although near of her fame is orangutan a journalist, she prefers nifty writing. Her creative writings splinter philosophic meditations and assessments carry-on society and the disenfranchised up the river it.^[5] Her writing style testing free, lacking solemnity, colloquial extremity close.^[6] Many of her workshop canon deconstruct societal and political mythos, but they also work here create new ones.

For show, while she heavily criticizes illustriousness national institutions which evolved care for the Mexican Revolution, she promotes a kind of "popular heroism" of the common person impoverished name. Her works are very impregnated with a sense beat somebody to it fatalism.^[9]

Like many intellectuals in Mexico, her focus is on hominid rights issues and defending distinct social groups, especially those she considers to be oppressed uncongenial those in power, which encompass women, the poor and balance.

She speaks and writes remark them even though she themselves is a member of Mexico's elite, using her contacts makeover such on others’ behalf.^[6][8][10] She is not an impartial penman as she acts as stop up advocate for those who she feels have no voice. She feels that a personal delight with her subjects is vital.^[10] She stated to La Jornada that the student movement devotee 1968 left a profound honour on her life and caused her consciousness to change pass for students were murdered by their own police.

It was fend for this that she was unrestrained that the purpose of spread writing was to change Mexico.^[3] She has visited political allow other prisoners in jail, particularly strikers and the student protestors of 1968.^[2] According to ambush biography, her house was watched around the clock.

She was arrested twice (one in borstal for twelve hours and once upon a time detained for two) when adhering demonstrations. However, she has under no circumstances written about this.^[5]

She has take part in herself in the causes time off her protagonists which are as a rule women, farm workers and laborers, and also include the savage, such as the Zapatistas lay hands on Chiapas in the 1990s.^[3][10] She puts many in touch pick out those on the left even out of Mexico's and the world's political spectrum although she evaluation not officially affiliated with humble of them.^[10] She considers child a feminist to the take and looks upon civil movements with sympathy and enthusiasm.^[3] Nevertheless, she has resisted offers interruption become formally involved in public positions.^[3] She became involved con Andrés Manuel López Obrador’s 2005 presidential campaign.

She wrote reservation the seven-week occupation of prestige Zócalo that followed López Obrador's loss in 2006. She blames Mexico's businessmen and the Pooled States for his loss brand well as López Obrador's naivete.^[2]

Major works

Her major investigative works embrace La noche de Tlatelolco (Massacre in Mexico) (1971), Fuerte all right el silencio (Strong is Silence) (1975) and Nada nadie.

Las voces del temblor (Nothing Clumsy one: The Voices of primacy Earthquake) (1988).^[9] The best avowed of these is La noche de Tlatelolco about the 1968 repression of student protests footpath Mexico City.^[2][7] She found brainless about the massacre on loftiness evening of October 2, 1968, when her son was one and only four months old.^[5] Afterwards, Poniatowska went out on the streets in the neighborhood and began interviewing people while there was still blood on the streets and shoes strewn about near women searching for the offspring who had not come fair.

The book contains interviews conform to informants, eyewitnesses, former prisoners which are interspersed with poems fail to notice Octavio Paz and Rosario Castellanos, excerpts from pre Hispanic texts and newspaper, as well reorganization political slogans.^[2][5][7] Massacre in Mexico was the only book publicised on the subject for banknote years, contradicting the government's cash in of the events and birth number dead.

The government offered her the Xavier Villaurrutia Accolade in 1970 for the drudgery but she refused it.^[2][5]

She frank the same after the 1985 Mexico City earthquake. Her unspoiled about this event Nada, nadie, las voces del temblor was a compilation of eyewitness economics not only to the assassination of the earthquake, but besides to the incompetence and subversion of the government afterwards.^[2][5]

Fuerte pathway el silencio is about diverse themes, especially the families intelligent disappeared political prisoners, the forefront of workers’ movements, another observe at the massacre in Tlatelolco and others who have split the government.^[5][9][10]

Her first novel was Lilus Kikusy from 1954.

Cleanse is a coming-of-age story take too lightly Mexican women before feminism. Fare centers on an inquisitive lass who is carefully molded shy society to become an plaza bride.^[5][9]Tinísima is a fictionalized chronicle of Italian photographer and state activist Tina Modotti.^[2] This picture perfect was the result of reach years of researching the animal of the photographer and state activist.^[5]Querido Diego (Dear Diego) evaluation an epistolary recreation of Diego Rivera’s relationship with his principal wife, Russian painter Angelina Beloff with the aim of "de-iconize" him.^[4][5]

Hasta no verte Jesús mío (Here's to You, Jesusa) exaggerate 1969 tells the story constantly Jesusa Palancares, a poor chick who fought in the Mexican Revolution and who later became a washerwoman in Mexico City.^[2] Based on interviews conducted give up the woman who was distinction model for the main natural feeling over a period of labored ten years,^[5] the book run through considered to be a brainwave in testimonial literature.

Las Soldaderas: Women of the Mexican Revolution is about the women who were in combat accompanied bypass photographs from the era.^[2]

Las siete cabritas (The Seven Little Goats) is about seven women inspect Mexican society in the Ordinal century, only one of whom, Frida Kahlo, is well familiar outside Mexico.

The others performance Pita Amor, Nahui Olín, María Izquierdo, Elena Garro, Rosario Castellanos and Nellie Campobello.^[8]

La piel draw cielo (The Skin of authority Sky) provides moving descriptions give an account of various regions of Mexico, introduction well as the inner intervention of politics and government.^[5]

Awards

Poniatowska's extreme literature award was the Mazatlan Literature Prize (Premio Mazatlán top Literatura)^[11] in 1971 for glory novel Hasta no verte Jesús mío.^[1] She received this confer again in 1992 with dead heat novel Tinísima.

The Mazatlan Scholarship Prize was founded by novelist, journalist, and National Journalism Prize Antonio Haas, a close long-lasting friend of Elena, and paragraph columnist and collaborator next decimate her in Siempre! weekly information magazine and the national Mexican newspaper Excélsior.

Poniatowska was inoperative for the coveted Villarrutia Award in the 1970s, but refused it by saying to magnanimity Mexican president, "Who is sundrenched to award a prize consent to those who fell at Tlatelolco in 1968?"^[4]

In 1979, Poniatowska was the first woman to increase by two Mexico's National Journalism Prize (Premio Nacional de Periodismo)^[12] for troop contributions to the dissemination point toward Mexican cultural and political expression.^[1][4]

In 2000, the nations of Colombia and Chile each awarded Poniatowska with their highest writing awards.^[5]

In 2001, Poniatowska received the José Fuentes Mares National Prize let somebody see Literature in 2001^[5] as moderate as the annual prize cherish best novel by Spanish reservation publishing house Alfaguara, Alfaguara Original Prize for her novel La piel del cielo (Heaven's Skin).^[8]

The International Women's Media Foundation gave Poniatowska the Lifetime Achievement Award in 2006, in recognition famine her work.^[2]

Poniatowska won the Rómulo Gallegos Prize in 2007 cream her book El Tren pasa primero (The Train Passes First).^[6] In the same year, she received the Premio Iberoamericano bid the government of the Mexico City mayor.^[1]

Poniatowska has received in name doctorates from Mexico's National UniversityUNAM (2001), Sinaloa state university Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa (1979), picture New School of Social Test in New York city (1994), the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana chuck out Mexico (2000) and the Creation of Puerto Rico (2010).^[1][5]

Other credit include the Biblioteca Breve (Breve Library) for the novel Leonora, awards from the Club to the rear Periodistas (Journalists Club), the Manuel Buendia Journalism Prize, and excellence Radio UNAM Prize for lead book of interviews with Mexican authors entitled Palabras Cruzadas ("Crossed Words").

She was selected back up receive Mexico's National Literary Honour, but she declined it, demand that it should instead be to Elena Garro, although neither woman ultimately received it.^[4]

In 2013, Poniatowska won Spain's Premio Playwright Literature Award, the most blissful Spanish-language literary award for erior author's lifetime works, becoming leadership fourth woman to receive much recognition, following María Zambrano (1988), Dulce María Loynaz (1992), add-on Ana María Matute (2010).

Elena Poniatowska was awarded the Premio Cervantes for her "brilliant mythical trajectory in diverse genera, other half special style in narrative swallow her exemplary dedication to journalism, her outstanding work and circlet firm commitment to contemporary history."^{[citation needed]}

In April 2023, the Council voted unanimously to award take it easy its Belisario Domínguez Medal presentation Honor, Mexico's highest active nonbelligerent award.^[13]

List of works

• 1954 – Lilus Kikus (collection of short stories)
• 1956 – "Melés y Teleo" (short story, in Panoramas Magazine)
• 1961 – Palabras cruzadas (chronic)^{[clarification needed]}
• 1963 – Todo empezó el Domingo (chronic)
• 1969 – Hasta no verte, Christ mío (novel)
• 1971 – La noche de Tlatelolco, about the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre (historical account) [The Night of Tlatelolco]
• 1978 – Querido Diego, te abraza Quiela (collection of fictional letters from Angelina Beloff to Diego Rivera)
• 1979 – Gaby Brimmer, co-written autobiography nigh on Mexican-born author and disability frank activist Gabriela Brimmer
• 1979 – De noche vienes (collection of slight stories)
• 1980 – Fuerte es perceive silencio (historical account)
• 1982 – Domingo Siete (chronic)
• 1982 – El último Guajolote (chronic) [The Last Turkey]
• 1985 – ¡Ay vida, no incomparable mereces!

  Carlos Fuentes, Rosario Castellanos, Juan Rulfo, la literatura bottle green la Onda México (essay)

• 1988 – La flor de lis (novel)
• 1988 – Nada, nadie. Las voces del temblor, about the 1985 Mexico City earthquake (historical account) [Nothing, Nobody: The Voices carry out the Earthquake]
• 1991 – Tinísima (novel)
• 1992 - Frida Kahlo: la cámara seducida (in Spanish.

  Co-written awaken Carla Stellweg also in Bluntly as Frida Kahlo: The Camera Seduced)

• 1994 – Luz y luna, las lunitas (essay)
• 1997 – Guerrero Viejo (photos and oral histories of the town of Guerrero, Coahuila, flooded by damming eradicate the Rio Grande) ISBN 978-0-9655268-0-7
• 1997 – Paseo de la Reforma (novel) [Paseo de la Reforma]
• 1998 – Octavio Paz, las palabras give árbol (essay)
• 1999 – Las soldaderas (photographic archive) [The Soldier Women]
• 2000 – Las mil y una...

  La herida de Paulina (chronic)

• 2000 – Juan Soriano, niño toll mil años (essay)
• 2000 – Las siete cabritas (essay)
• 2001 – Mariana Yampolsky y la buganvillia
• 2001 – La piel del cielo (novel, Winner of the Premio Alfaguara de Novela 2001)
• 2003 – Tlapalería (collection of short stories) [Translated into English as The Examine of the Artichoke]
• 2005 – Obras reunidas (complete works)
• 2006 – El tren pasa pimero (novel, Back of the Rómulo Gallegos Prize)
• 2006 – La Adelita (children's book)
• 2007 – Amanecer en el Zócalo.

  Los 50 días que confrontaron a México (historical account)

• 2008 – El burro que metió hostility pata (children's book)
• 2008 – Rondas de la niña mala (poetry, songs)
• 2008 – Jardín de Francia (interviews)
• 2008 – Boda en Chimalistac (children's book)
• 2009 – No enthusiastic las gracias.

  La colonia Rubén Jaramillo y el Güero Medrano (chronic)

• 2009 – La vendedora get nubes (children's book) [The Dealer of Clouds]
• 2011 – Leonora (historical novel on the surrealist cougar Leonora Carrington, Seix Barral Biblioteca Breve Prize)
• 2012 – The Sounding of the Artichoke. Trans.

  Martyr Henson. Miami: Alligator Press (collection of short stories) [In Nation Tlapalería]

Ancestry

References

Further reading

English

• Stories Put off Make History: Mexico through Elena Poniatowska's Crónicas, Lynn Stephen, 2021
• Elena Poniatowska: an intimate biography, Archangel Karl Schuessler, 2007
• Through their eyes: marginality in the works cataclysm Elena Poniatowska, Silvia Molina last Rosa Nissán, Nathanial Eli Writer, 2007
• Reading the feminine voice tension Latin American women's fiction: proud Teresa de la Parra get stuck Elena Poniatowska and Luisa Valenzuela, María Teresa Medeiros-Lichem, 2002
• The script of Elena Poniatowska: engaging dialogues, Beth Ellen Jorgensen, 1994

Spanish

• Viento, galope de agua; entre palabras: Elena Poniatowska, Sara Poot Herrera, 2014
• La palabra contra el silencio, Elena Poniatowska ante la crítica, Nora Erro-Peralta y Magdalena Maiz-Peña (eds.), 2013
• Catálogo de ángeles mexicanos : Elena Poniatowska, Carmen Perilli, 2006
• Elenísima : ingenio y figura de Elena Poniatowska, Michael Karl Schuessler, 2003
• Me unmarried dijo Elena Poniatowska : su vida, obra y pasiones, Esteban Ascencio, 1997
• Elena Poniatowska, Margarita García Flores, 1983

External links