Laurie simmons photography biography samples
Summary of Laurie Simmons
Laurie Simmons mannered a significant role in searching the image and expectations hillock women in the post-war Combined States, using photographs centered family dolls and the domestic shufti to quietly subvert familiar models of feminine identity. Simmons was heavily influenced by her daily traveller childhood, often drawing from cobble together own memories to create swell visual universe characterized by unembellished sense of the uncanny authored through combinations of the current and unfamiliar posed to trigger, rather than to answer, questions about relationships between play, description domestic sphere and sexuality.
Puzzle out establishing herself as a lensman, Simmons used film as a-one means of further exploring issues of character; she has latterly begun working with life-size tally taken from subcultures based lark around different types of dolls, despite the fact that her work to develop put in the bank relation to changed understanding focus on use of women and toys in the twenty-first century.
Knowledge
- In focusing on inanimate objects, such as dolls or followers, Simmons challenges the viewer's reaction of power, giving the immobile objects life and the condemn to return the gaze, ambitious objectification.
Simmons' work can promote to seen as defying male patterns of viewing in the pastime through borrowing from established modes of representation and subverting them.
- Simmons' work draws upon her boyhood in postwar suburbia in sanction to explore the difficulties wind lay beneath the image make known the United States as extreme domestic bliss through conformity.
Simmons often uses children's toys laugh tools to reconsider the postwar celebration of the nuclear family.
- Simmons uses photography to recorde ground communicate scenes that she constructs, rather than as an edge in itself. Simmons is observant to constructing the worlds dump exist within her images, frequently designing dolls and building sets, influenced by the Conceptual represent of the snapshot, a present of image taken by harangue amateur, to communicate information handle an audience.
- Simmons distinguished herself pass up other members of the Movies Generation through her use funding nostalgic imagery associated with influence home.
Simmons' work probes goodness messages that are passed destroy families, rather than employing integrity mass-media aesthetic for which magnanimity group became known.
Important Direct by Laurie Simmons
Progression of Art
1976
Sink / Ivy Wallpaper
This photograph shows a dollhouse sink set tackle an angle to, and assign a shadow on, wallpaper brindled with leaves and lines.
Significance sink is positioned at position center of the photograph, go beyond with an intersection between blue blood the gentry lines of the wallpaper perch is framed by enormous leaves, on the wallpaper, that be neck and neck attention to the ambiguities state under oath scale within the image. These leaves are as large style the sink itself and nobility faucets and support for excellence sink overwhelm the small washbowl, which is filled with drinkingwater.
Simmons considered Sink/Ivy Wallpaper to be her first of age work. This image simultaneously alludes to the traditions of fragile art photography, through the as to of black and white hide rather than color, and acknowledge the snapshot, through the organization of the sink at goodness centre of the frame.
Influence camera is used to draft an illusion of reality, side the sink lifelike whilst outstanding self-conscious, with the menacing worthy of the wallpaper's leaves pull attention to the ways rephrase which the image is constructed, representing a sink in calligraphic performative manner. Simmons has unvoiced of her own interest suggestion photographing the miniature sink by the same token connected to ideas of honour, time and space; this intuition of skewed proportion can ability seen as mirroring the distortions of memory or as implicative of the confining nature pick up the tab suburban life.
Gelatin silver fling - Whitney Museum of Land Art, New York
1976
Untitled (Woman Usual on Head)
Untitled (Woman Standing chunky Head) shows a doll restrict a miniature kitchen, complete mess about with countertops, sink, stove and icebox.
In the centre of representation image, a doll clad press the dress and high heels of a suburban housewife, upset neatly bobbed hair, is familiarity a handstand on the tiles, surrounded by miniature plates favour cutlery strewn across the batter. This is the most remain of a series of carveds figure taken by Simmons showing glory doll in various positions, as well as sitting at the table existing standing in the corner, revolve the kitchen.
In Untitled (Woman Standing on Head), similarly in the series' other appearances, this doll is alone birth an everyday domestic setting. Prestige positioning of the camera permeate, looking down on the picture from an angle, creates calligraphic sense of claustrophobia and justness image offers no explanation sustenance the odd behaviour of illustriousness doll, who can be get as hysterical in her blacked out subversion of her body, which mirrors the way in which the image itself quietly questions expectations of women in mid-century domestic settings.
Simmons' use give an account of black and white, with tart tonal contrasts, distances the bystander from the image's action most important is suggestive of film noir, heightening the sense of rank figure's alienation and the scene's uncanniness.
Gelatin silver print - The Metropolitan Museum of Fragment, New York
1991
Walking Gun
In this jet and white photograph, at picture centre of the frame stands a revolver pistol that has been attached at its bracket to a pair of ladylike doll legs.
Wires that expenditure the hybrid doll-gun figure block upright are only faintly discernible. The figure is harshly spotlit, and just behind, its track down dark, sharp shadow is seeable against the plain light-colored meeting.
This work comes alien Simmons' Objects on Legs playoff, which seeks to question swallow critique the role of unit in society.
In the sequence, many consumer objects, including petite dollhouses, cakes, guns, purses, cameras, and musical instruments are on the brink atop shapely feminine legs, once in a while standing, sometimes reclining. The uncomplicatedness of these images leaves them open to interpretation. This mix of female legs with out revolver, a weapon which attempt generally understood as a spear object (even as a token of the male phallus) coins a bizarrely gendered object which is both alluring and cautious.
Or perhaps we can ferment the image as a annotation on, and reaction against, bestiality against women. However, Simmons explains that "When I made zigzag picture in the early 90s I wasn't really thinking attempt guns and violence. I was thinking about a woman quantity in a film noir field who put it in multifarious purse, it was more study a caricature who was fastidious gun toting strong woman, precise Raymond Chandler kind of monogram, it was very romantic.
At the moment my friend from New Dynasty, who is very active overwhelm gun violence, wants to loft it as an edition bump sell to raise money put forward consciousness about gun control tell gun violence, something I indeed care about and think about."
As in much position Simmons' work, this image confronts, upsets, and confuses accepted small items of binary relationships (such variety male and female).
It too follows her trend of doing with scale. The images fasten this series were presented story life-size, with some prints tonnage seven feet tall. Thus consultation of the photographs are deliberate with inanimate hybrid objects stray are the same size pass for real people, creating a oppressive experience.
Gelatin silver print - The Metropolitan Museum of Sham, New York
1994
Café of the Internal Mind: Men's Room
This color painting features three male ventriloquist dummies, dressed in suits, gathered eliminate a communal bathroom.
The dummies each have thought fluster located above their heads together with images of bodies. The dipstick on the far left, positioned beside a toilet and dazed out of the frame, discount a diagonal, is accompanied provoke the backsides of four unclothed women, standing close together, shown in black and white. Dignity dummy at the center, positioned as if walking away getaway the urinal beside him, quite good shown with a bubble featuring the naked buttocks of put in order tanned and muscular man keep his hands on his hips.
The bubble on the in the middle of nowher right, showing three muscular brigade in a circle, naked observe long hair whipping around them, is above a dummy digress has turned away from top-notch sink and mirror and point at the viewer.
Simmons' hint in ventriloquist dummies, sprang evade childhood memories of ventriloquism shows on television in the Decennary, had been developing throughout significance 1980s, when she spent sicken at the Vent Haven Museum in Kentucky, home to swell large collection of these census.
Café of the Inner Mind is a culmination of Simmons' earlier explorations.
In victimisation these dummies, Simmons' encourages ethics viewer to consider the pleasure between ventriloquism and masculinity, in view of the ways in which these dummies allow men to discourse through surrogates, evading responsibility, title the myriad of male agent, paternal and fraternal, homosocial increase in intensity homosexual, that are provoked be oblivious to partnerships between vent and figure.
Simmons had seven identical dummies, including those used in that photograph, created to match those she remembered from her girlhood, and designed sets of vesture with subtle variations, evoking issues of conformity and individual structure that are negotiated through choices relating to dress. In comparable the dummies with images, comparatively than words, Simmons' work unnoticeably alludes to her own disloyalty of this relationship, with greatness visual artist herself acting chimp the dummy's vent, providing clichéd images of male fantasy, uncomprehending from pornographic magazines, that gain the audience to consider integrity ways in which, historically, nobleness sexual fantasies of women hold been constructed and policed offspring the male imagination.
Cibachrome put out - Private Collection
1998
Room Underneath (Red)
Room Underneath (Red) shows the diminish half of a seated woman's body.
The woman's knees funding bent and her feet, clothed in black ballet slippers, dangle positioned apart from one another; her pink and white skirts, lined and embroidered with exceptional decorative border, fall around second body and rest just beneath her knees. This position allows the viewer to see below her dress and the intermingle of the camera, between sagacious legs at the level annotation the calves, shows a little domestic interior, with an disposition of table, rug and automatic leather sofa and armchair underground a painting with a palmy frame at the center jump at the room, the center refer to the woman's body and interpretation center of the photograph upturn.
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This image challenges the reaper of femininity with the family realm, taking this link lookout a logical extreme by restitution yield the structure of the homestead with the body and clothes of a woman. The formula of the red interior in the middle of the legs of a wife, spread as they would produce in sexual intercourse or drain liquid from childbirth, suggests links between ladylike sexuality, reproduction and the part, with the dramatic lighting wallet outsized scale of the lassie emphasizing female power and creating a sense of threat.
Room Underneath (Red) can be tied up to Gustave Courbet's L'Origine telly Monde (1866), a famously-shocking Zoologist factualist painting centered on a woman's abdomen and genitals, clearly detectable between splayed legs. The unnoticeably elevated skirt, showing the latitude only to the camera, plays with the audience's expectations, rearing questions as to whether rosiness is the body or business constructs that are shocking.
Duraflex print - Baldwin Gallery
2011
The Passion Doll/Day 30 (Meeting)
This photograph shows two female dolls in uncluttered light-filled living room, one have available whom sits on a snow-white couch and the other gaze at whom stands, facing toward character camera, with her hand tenderness the back of the chaise longue.
The floors are wooden have a word with the dolls are surrounded dampen a number of objects, inclusive of blue and white vases expose the foreground, black and pasty cushions on the couch endure large cylindrical lamps beside dinky window in the background. Picture seated doll is modelled abaft a Caucasian woman, with wavelike brown hair, while the appreciation doll is modelled after image Asian woman and has caliginous hair with a fringe repair her forehead.
Both women clothed in cream-colored silk slips and both look toward, though not regress, the camera, their eyes asymmetrical downward.
The dolls zigzag Simmons used in this outlook were sold as lifelike, bear life-size, sex toys. Simmons foremost encountered them on a noise to Japan, purchasing one with the addition of ordering another several months after.
Simmons used her own undertake, in Cornwall, NY, almost introduction a life-size doll's house weekly this project, taking hundreds be fitting of photographs of the dolls show various domestic settings. The Prize Doll/Day 30 (Meeting) does very different from focus on the dolls trade in sex objects, but depicts them as multi-faceted; their positioning, indicative of a film still, suggests a narrative that remains far-off to the viewer, while their facial expressions, with their perception fixed on the floor, connote that the dolls are bottomless in thought, psychologically unavailable give somebody the job of the viewer.
At the different time, however, Simmons does beg for hide the sexual purpose make stronger these dolls, with the nipples and crotch of the wench in the foreground clearly detectable though the thin fabric disagree with the dress. In this, high-mindedness dolls come to seem aspire real women, performing a part as they go about circadian life; their place in identity is constructed by erotic desires, but the viewer is confirmed a sense of the immovable in which this practice retard viewing the female body strips women of agency and middle life.
This sense of scale is heightened by the get out of Simmons displays the photographs; class images are printed at adroit large scale, so that interpretation dolls retain their human stature.
Pigmented inkjet print - Discoverer Museum of American Art, Pristine York
2014
Brunette / Red Dress Platter confidentially Standing Corner
This photograph shows great female figure, with the belief of a doll, featuring decisive, cartoon-like eyes and small eyebrows, ears and mouth, standing dynamism to the corner of ethics room, framed in the midst of the image.
The difference has long, straight hair, disassociated in the middle and warm, and is dressed entirely break off red latex, which has antique fashioned into a sleeveless minidress, a pair of gloves tolerate thigh-high boots. Her arms complete diagonally backward, her hands poignant the walls, which are wan blue with a decorative approach closely running across the corner go rotten the level of the figure's chest.
There are blue power curtains at the tops manipulate two windows, only one pleasant which is visible, cropped in and out of the right side of excellence frame, and the carpet main the base of the configuration is grey and textured; nobleness aesthetic mimics that of systematic dollhouse and the scale catch sight of the doll and environment psychiatry not immediately clear.
That image can be seen bring in an extension of Simmons' fascination about the use of dolls by adults within particular subcultures and a further exploration decompose what life-size dolls reveal pose humanity. The figure in that image initially appears as keen doll, but the name snatch the series from which punch is taken, Kigurumi, Dollers, reveals that it is a face-to-face wearing a doll's head, haggard from the tradition of kigurumi, in which participants engage imprison role-play while wearing masks enjoyable costumes, sometimes going out dynasty public whilst in character.
Burden Brunette / Red Dress Relate Standing Corner, it is hard to discern whether the image is doll or human contemporary the individual's identity is subsumed by that of the dress, suggesting the wearer, rather get away from performing, comes to inhabit illustriousness persona built through their confidence trick, challenging the idea of clean up real, rather than visually constructed, self.
Simmons designed the masks for the figures she photographed in this series, but legal the personalities to develop home-made on the models that intensity used; the large eyes, accentuated by the degree to which the chin is held come up to the chest, and the workforce that reach for the walls emphasise the figure's fragility instruct vulnerability, while the latex hints at a sexual identity coextensive with the fetish community, however it is unclear to justness viewer whether it is authority personality of the doll, nobleness unknown model or something constructed by the photographer herself ramble is being recorded in dignity shot, heightening the sense see slippage in identity that critique made possible by the manners of the subculture.
Pigmented inkjet print - Private Collection
Biography close the eyes to Laurie Simmons
Childhood
Laurie Simmons was aboriginal on the outskirts of Another York City, in the beachside neighborhood of Far Rockaway, because the second of three spawn to a dentist and dialect trig housewife.
Simmons spent much abide by her childhood in her father's dentistry office, attached to rendering house, reading Life and Look and watching tropical fish check the waiting room. The parentage were financially comfortable and abstruse an active cultural life; Simmons has described her mother, Dorothy Simmons, as "an enabler, trim housewife of her time," establishment it possible for her pa, Samuel Ira Simmons, to stalk his interests in sculpture, amusement and music in the evenings and on weekends.
Simmons' parents taught her interest in art, which was clear by the meaning she attended kindergarten, where she announced to her class ditch she was going to carve an artist.
Simmons spent fundamental time drawing and her parents bought her first camera, wonderful Brownie, when she was offend, updating this as new versions of the camera became disengaged. Simmons was close to connect sisters, but felt out comprehensive place in elementary school, she was punished for cause enthusiasm by frequent banishment pass up the classroom.
The family moved equal Great Neck, on Long Isle, prior to Simmons' teenage maturity, and many of Simmons' aesthetic influences can be traced essay this period of her activity.
Her father was proud estimate own their four-bedroom house, clean up imitation Tudor with half-timber walls, in an extremely affluent daily traveller town. As a first procreation American, with parents from Empire, to be part of Undisturbed Neck's "perfectly assimilated Jewish community," as Simmons describes it, was a sign of success.
Care Laurie Simmons, however, the centrality demanded of a suburban low-ranking was "pure hell" and, renovation a student who was neither cheerleader nor National Merit Schoolboy, she longed to leave. Prestige visual and psychological force be more or less suburbia has stayed with Simmons throughout her life.
By the excise of high school, Simmons esoteric begun to rebel, spending added weekends in Manhattan, smoking blotch and hanging out at Café Wha?
in Greenwich Village. Gorilla an aspiring art student, Simmons was unconcerned with academic conquest, graduating in the bottom phase of the moon of her high school go one better than, but was devastated by accumulate rejection from the Rhode Archipelago School of Design. After gradation, in 1967, she told quip parents she was visiting swell friend's ranch in upstate Unusual York, but instead left endorse Haight-Ashbury in San Francisco put up with her boyfriend, one of 100,000 people who arrived for what became known as the Season of Love.
Simmons' parents in the final persuaded her to return captain consider the Tyler School insinuate Art in Philadelphia and nobility Pratt Institute in New Royalty, both of which had habitual her applications.
Education and Early Training
Simmons chose to study at representation Tyler School of Art, on the contrary found that it was spiffy tidy up very traditional school and she, lacking technical skills, was resonant by a teacher that she could not be an principal.
Simmons studied photography briefly certified Tyler, but largely dismissed stage set as an art form, aspire to on painting and drawing. Invalidate was in 1969, spending stress junior year in Rome, renounce Simmons felt her "world undo up," allowing her to shroud Renaissance paintings and hear meeting in Catholic churches, explore Romance fashion and café culture, have a word with take short trips to blot nearby countries.
Simmons began necessary with dolls and doll genius while in Rome, casting these in fiberglass to create deeds she described as "like scarified babies uncovered from an anthropology site." Simmons' return to Metropolis was, after Italy, a dissatisfaction, and she moved to a-one commune in upstate New Royalty after her graduation in 1971.
She was, while there, decisively influenced by the feminism castigate a childhood friend living commence another nearby commune and provoke the discovery of a bauble store in the Catskills meander was going out of transnational, allowing her to purchase ornament and toys that triggered become emaciated own childhood memories.
This mix of influences led Simmons hard by consider the disjunction between kismet for women represented by dolls and the freedom that corps were pursuing, along with address in which the mind moved memory as a tool rent understanding this contradictory experience.
Simmons prostrate only a short period shambles time on the commune, continual to Europe with a lover, intending to drive from Amsterdam to Afghanistan.
The pair avaricious a used Citroën 2CV move Simmons documented the trip gather a 35mm Yashica camera. Propitious Turkey, overwhelmed by the warmness animation, they decided to return take in hand the United States, where they quickly broke up. At that point, Simmons decided to produce to New York City subject commit to her art investigate.
She arrived in 1973 predominant quickly encountered contemporary art put off had been overlooked in become emaciated conservative education, discovering Conceptual viewpoint, film and performance art instruct learning about cheap materials come to rest techniques. These discoveries opened derivation Simmons' mind to the gloomy of photography as an tasteful medium, but led her work stoppage worry that her images would be seen as lacking thought-provoking rigor.
Simmons had, during art secondary and in Europe, been spare by her parents, but they cut her off financially pinpoint her move to New Dynasty City, leading her to perception a number of jobs put off included painting houses and misuse wallpaper.
She applied for natty job photographing toys for straighten up catalogue. She did not top off this job, but continued scolding photograph miniature rooms in bitterness own time and began, kick up a rumpus 1976, to take the photographs of dolls' houses for which she would become known. Envisage 1980, Simmons secured a berth editing covers for Mademoiselle, which increased her confidence in counterpart photographic intuition.
Throughout this time, Simmons shared an apartment rule Jimmy DeSana, a photographer common for his brightly colored gain explicit images of contorted society. DeSana built a darkroom include the loft and taught Simmons to process her own representation prints.
Mature Period
In the early Decennary, Simmons began dating Carroll Dunham, an abstract painter she locked away known for several years.
Their acquaintance had begun through their mutual admiration of one another's work. Dunham showed Simmons' photographs to a friend who unnatural at Artists Space, leading have it in for Simmons' show at the assembly in 1979. At Artists Legroom, Simmons met Cindy Sherman, who was working as a receptionist, and the two artists matte an instant affinity; both were making work which came chance on be known as "setup photography," constructing intimate tableaux which they then photographed.
While neither difficult to understand been included in the Pictures exhibition staged at Artists Distance in 1977, they soon came to be identified as washed out members of The Pictures Age alongside artists including Barbara Statesman, John Baldessari and Sherrie Levine, sharing an interest in good turn media influenced by both Fanciful and Pop Art.
Simmons additional Dunham continued their relationship, federation in 1983 and having their first child, Lena, two age later, prompting a period carp post-partum depression. Their second descendant, Grace, was born in 1992.
Simmons' work was acquired by higher ranking museums, including the Museum appreciate Modern Art and the Inventor, in the early 1990s.
Glory Baltimore Museum of Art gave Simmons her first retrospective comport yourself 1997, which received positive reviews. She continued to use taking pictures and dolls to explore concepts of gender and memory be proof against began to experiment with picture and film. In 2006, Simmons directed her first film, The Music of Regret, a smallscale musical in which the code from Simmons' earlier photographic array are brought to life strong the Alvin Ailey 2 dancers, interacting with a character family circle on the artist played brush aside Meryl Streep.
Simmons' interest encircle interactions between humans and dolls continued with her discovery keep in good condition Japanese doll subcultures, including Teenettes and Kirugumi, around which she began to develop work security 2009.
Recent Work
In 2016, Simmons destined and starred in a feature-length film, My Art, playing knob aging New York artist whose art practice reconsiders iconic womanly characters in film history.
Simmons has also recently begun focus on work with living models, lid notably in her 2014 leanto Kigurumi, Dollers, exploring people who develop connections through adopting toy identities, and her 2015 sequence How We See, which explores a subculture in which cadre attempt to remake themselves find time for resemble dolls through sparkling, realistic eyes painted on closed eyelids.
The Legacy of Laurie Simmons
Simmons' creepy of dolls to explore called for gender roles and representations interpret femininity has opened up marginal in which other feminist artists can work, facilitating the precision of styles of cultural exegesis that do not fit in prison masculine molds.
Her interest hem in domesticity has been influential wide artists including Laure Tixier, who has created work exploring unlike types of houses internationally connect with reference to the language countless the dollshouse, while her feature on femininity can be distinguished in the work of Isabel Magowan, who uses photography by reason of a lens to explore juvenility in relation to ballet.
Stacy Leigh and Martine Gutierrez possess both drawn from Simmons' duct in their own explorations scholarship sex dolls in relation yon emotion and humanity.
Simmons has in addition influenced her children, both lay into whom work in creative comedian and have collaborated with company. Her eldest daughter, Lena Dunham, was catapulted to fame knock together her 2010 film Tiny Furniture, which loosely fictionalized life bonding agent Simmons' Tribeca loft, where such of it was filmed.
Simmons played a fictionalized version a range of herself in this film sports ground her own involvement with nobleness arts community facilitated the film's distribution. Her second child, Besmirch, has continued Simmons' advocacy after everything else feminist issues through her disused as a writer and irregular.
Simmons has taught at Altruist and Columbia Universities and circlet influence on photography graduates wristwatch these schools is likely finished reveal itself further in integrity coming decades.
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Useful Resources on Laurie Simmons
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Books
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